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October 16, 1943 the deportation of Jews from the Ghetto of Rome

"That October 16 - said one of the survivors of the deportation - was un sabato, giorno di riposo per gli ebrei osservanti. E nel Ghetto i più lo erano. Inoltre era il terzo giorno della festa delle Capanne. Un sabato speciale, quasi una festa doppia... La grande razzia cominciò attorno alle 5.30. Vi presero parte un centinaio di quei 365 uomini che erano il totale delle forze impiegate per la "Judenoperation" . L'antico quartiere ebraico fu l'epicentro di tutta l'operazione... Le SS entrarono di casa in casa arrestando intere famiglie in gran parte sorprese ancora nel sonno... Tutte le persone prelevate vennero raccolte provvisoriamente in uno spiazzo che si trova poco più in là del Portico d'Ottavia attorno ai resti del Teatro di Marcello. La maggior parte degli arrestati erano adulti, many old folks, many women, boys, boys. It was not without exception, or for people who are sick or prevented, or for pregnant women or for those who still had children at the breast
...". "The Germans knocked, having received no response then broke through the doors. Behind them, as if petrified posassero for the most frighteningly surreal family groups, were waiting in terrified the inhabitants, their eyes hypnotized by the throat and the heart stopped, "recalls Giacomo Debenedetti .
" We were massed in front of St. Angelo in Fish: The gray truck arrived, the Germans pushed or loaded with the butt of the gun men, women, children ... and also old and sick, they left. When it fell to us I noticed that the truck take the Tiber in the direction of Regina Coeli ... But the truck went forward to the Military College. They took us to a great hall: we stayed there for several hours. What goes through my head in those moments I can not remember with precision what they thought of my companions in misfortune emerged from their confused questions, explanations, prayers. Would take us to work? Where? There were interned in a concentration camp? "Concentration Camp" had no significance then that terrible today. It was a place where it leads you to wait until the end of the war, where we probably would have suffered cold and hunger, but nothing prepares us for what would have been the camp, "wrote Settimia Spizzichino in his book" The years have been stolen. "
For the first time Rome was a witness to an operation of mass so violent. Among those who attended dismayed that there was a woman crying and began to pray softly repeated "poor innocent flesh." No neighborhood in the city was spared: the largest number of arrests occurred in Trastevere, Testaccio and Monteverde. Some were saved by chance, many survived the raid by hiding in the homes of neighbors, friends or taking refuge in religious houses, as the adjacent buildings at St. Bartholomew Island Tiberina. At 14, the great raid was over. All were kept in the Military College of Lungara away, a short walk from here. The more than 30 hours spent at the Military College before transferring to the Tiburtina station were of great suffering, not least because the detainees had not received food. Among them were 207 children.
Two days later, Monday, October 18th, the prisoners were loaded onto a convoy of 18 cattle cars in departure from Tiburtina station .
On 22 October, the train arrives at Auschwitz .
Of 1024 Jews captured on October 16 have returned only 16 of which only one woman Settimia Spizzichino.
None of 207 children survived.